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It's important to realise that most students, even if they are vaguely aware that these are sensitive areas, don't know where the boundaries and limits lie as far as Muslims are concerned. Therefore, most of the time, it is out of lack of knowledge this happens and they don't mean to be offensive – even if they mean to shock a little.
In the first instance, therefore, it is better to approach the situation with a positive and friendly attitude.
Ask first to hear their views on why they are doing this and what they hope to achieve. Don't interrupt, argue, or try to get your point across at this stage. Just listen until you understand.
Then take your turn to explain your views and feelings – again, with the expectation that they will in turn listen until they understand. They probably won't instinctively do this – you might have to ask them to let you finish, and then check if they have understood – not agreed, just understood your point of view.
If you have concerns about the wider impact of the event, explain these. Do not make it sound like a threat! Share your genuine concerns using some quick and easy communication techniques.
Assuming that this is not enough for you both to see eye to eye, move onto new ground to find a shared solution.
It is often helpful for those who don't have a 'feel' for this issue to learn where the boundary lies. What could you suggest that allows them to make their point without going into territory that will cause serious hurt or rage? Bear in mind that you don't have to be comfortable with it; we're talking about the line between disagreement and blasphemy in your eyes. It might be that something that you can tolerate (even if you're not happy) is something that is enough for them to achieve the effect that they want.
You may need to move to involve a neutral third party, or take it to a more formal level through the involvement of university staff.
Consider also: has it gone over an ethical or legal boundary – is the conduct discriminatory, racist, or inciting hatred?